韩国究竟有多发达？这一直是一个很有争议的话题。在我们很多人的印象中，韩国的发展水平与西方和日本还存在较大的差距，但是在联合国和世界银行公布的名单中，韩国却已经明确成为了发达国家。这张照片展示了韩国首都首尔的宏观面貌，既有低矮破旧的民居，又有崭新的高层公寓。

首尔市不仅是韩国的首都，也是全国最大的城市，集中了相当比例的人口和经济，首尔的发展水平，也充分代表着整个国家水平。首尔的高层建筑并不像我们想象中那么多，并且规划非常杂乱随意，比起中国的一线城市，在外观上差了不少。

那么首尔为什么会建在这片不太平坦的地区呢？首先，朝鲜半岛的地形就多山地与丘陵，历史上，半岛上各方势力斗争非常激烈，所以朝鲜王朝在选定都城地址时，刻意考虑到了汉江旁的这片土地易守难攻，便于防御外敌。

注：本文数据与图片出自

平安金融中心是平安保险公司在中国深圳的总部。

中国上海的上海中心大厦，在云朵的映衬下显得格外美丽。它于2015年完成

首层平面图

项目坐标：纽约 项目名称：摩根大通全球总部大厦 项目高度：423米 项目设计：Foster + Partners

地址：631-35 新沙洞, 江南区, 首尔, 韩国

That doesn't diminish the importance of those early skyscrapers, though. The first such building was erected in Chicago in 1885. Called The Home Insurance Building, it was held together using a then-innovative steel frame and stood 10 stories tall (although two more were added in 1890). The landmark was brought down in 1931 and replaced by an even taller structure.

不过，这并没有削弱早期摩天大楼的重要性。第一座这样的建筑于1885年在芝加哥建成。这座建筑名为“家庭保险大厦”(The Home Insurance Building)，采用当时颇具创新精神的钢架结构，共有10层楼高(不过1890年又增加了两层)。1931年，这座地标性建筑被拆除，取而代之的是一座更高的建筑。

Burj Khalifa 哈利法塔

Merdeka 118 默迪卡118

Shanghai Tower 上海中心大厦

Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel 麦加皇家钟塔酒店

Ping An Finance Centre 平安金融中心

Lotte World Tower 乐天世界大厦

One World Trade Center 世贸中心一号

 

The 9/11 Memorial (front) and One World Trade Center form an impressive contrast in lower Manhattan. The building is 1,776 feet, a nod to the year the U.S. was founded.

The creation of One World Trade Center occurred after the World Trade Center "Twin Towers" tragically fell during the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. The new structure opened to the public in 2014 and is the tallest building in North America, standing 1,776 feet (541.3 meters) in height, although 408 feet of that belongs to its spire. Some people thought it was controversial to count the spire in determining the building height. One World Trade Center has 3 million square feet (278,709 square meters) of office space, a 55-foot (17-meter) high office lobby with extra-thick concrete walls for security, plus shops and restaurants. The World Trade Center, which comprises seven buildings including the one we're highlighting, is also the site of the national memorial to those killed on 9/11.

世贸中心一号大楼的建造是在2001年9月11日的恐怖袭击发生后，世贸中心“双子塔”不幸倒塌之后。新建筑于2014年向公众开放，是北美最高的建筑，高1776英尺(541.3米)，尽管其中408英尺属于塔尖。有些人认为计算尖顶来确定建筑高度是有争议的。世贸中心一号大楼拥有300万平方英尺(278,709平方米)的办公空间，55英尺(17米)高的办公大厅，还有特厚的混凝土墙以保证安全，此外还有商店和餐馆。世界贸易中心由七座建筑组成，包括我们正在强调的那座，也是9/11遇难者国家纪念馆的所在地。

6. Lotte World Tower 乐天世界大厦

 

This megastructure might be the most entertaining on our list, as it boasts not only an indoor theme park and multiple theaters but also an outdoor park and a Korean folk museum. At 123 floors, Lotte World Tower, which is located in Seoul's Songpa District, is South Korea's tallest (1,819 feet or 554 meters). Roughly 13 million visitors flock to the site every year to enjoy its exceptional shopping, dining and views. Others take in the artistry inherent in the building itself, thanks to its 42,000 glass windows, many of which are curved for sheer aesthetic effect. It was completed in 2017.

这座巨型建筑可能是我们名单上最有趣的，因为它不仅拥有一个室内主题公园和多个剧院，而且还有一个室外公园和一个韩国民俗博物馆。乐天世界大厦位于首尔松坡区，123层，是韩国最高的大厦(1819英尺或554米)。每年大约有1300万游客涌向这里，享受这里独特的购物、餐饮和风景。还有人欣赏到建筑本身所固有的艺术感，这要归功于它的4.2万扇玻璃窗，其中许多窗户都是弯曲的，以达到纯粹的美学效果。它于2017年完工。

5. Ping An Finance Centre 平安金融中心

 

Located in Shenzhen, China, this stunner of a building with a glass, stone and stainless steel exterior is 1,965 feet tall (599 meters) and includes 115 aboveground floors. Construction on Shenzhen's tallest building finished up in 2017, and today the Ping An Finance Centre features a conference center, expansive retail establishment and roughly 100 office floors. It's also appropriately named, as it's the headquarters for the Ping An Insurance Company. Unlike many other buildings on our list, it does not feature any residential space.

4. Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel 麦加皇家钟塔酒店

 

This building makes Big Ben look like a pocket watch. At 1,972 feet (601 meters), the Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, was completed in 2012. The structure has 120 stories of commercial and residential space to its credit across seven towers. All of that sits atop a stunning retail establishment. The clock tower is the tallest in the world and includes more than 2 million LED lights in the clock face. The on-site hotel is naturally of the five-star variety, operated by Fairmont Hotels.

Since it's very near Masjid al-Haram (Great Mosque of Mecca), the holiest site in Islam, the hotel has an on-site prayer room which can accommodate over 10,000 worshippers, an Islamic museum and lunar observation center and separate fitness rooms for men and women. At a construction cost of more than $15 billion, this is also considered the world's most expensive building!

3. Shanghai Tower 上海中心大厦

 

Shanghai Tower in China, looks beautiful against the clouds. It was finished in 2015.

China's tallest building is the third tallest in the world at 128 aboveground stories (2,073 feet or 632 meters). This property is actually owned by the Shanghai city government and boasts the fastest elevators in the world, which can travel at 49 miles per hour (74 kph). The layout of the building is very next-generation, as it's made up of nine "cylindrical buildings stacked on top of each other," as the British Institution of Civil Engineers put it. One extra-swank part of the tower is a Four Seasons hotel, which features a pool on the 84th floor, making it one of the highest swimming pools on the planet. Shanghai Tower keeps good company, as two other slightly smaller "mega-skyscapers" are also located within the financial district.

中国最高的建筑是世界第三高，128层(2073英尺或632米)。这座建筑实际上属于上海市政府，拥有世界上最快的电梯，时速可达49英里/小时(74公里/小时)。该建筑的布局非常新一代，正如英国土木工程师学会所说，它由9个“相互堆叠的圆柱形建筑”组成。塔的另一个特别豪华的部分是四季酒店，它的84层有一个游泳池，是地球上最高的游泳池之一。上海中心大厦和其他两座稍小的“巨型摩天大楼”都位于金融区。

2. Merdeka 118 默迪卡118

 

默迪卡118是最新进入世界最高建筑榜单的建筑，排名第二!

This brand-new building only recently overtook Shanghai Tower as the second tallest in the world. The 118-story Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, establishment is 2,227 feet (678.7 meters) in height. Construction on the facility is complete, and it's expected to open for business in late 2022. In addition to office, retail, residential and hotel space, Merdeka 118 will also feature southeast Asia's largest observation deck, called "The View at 118." It's the first tower of its kind in Malaysia to net a triple-platinum, international sustainability certification.

这座崭新的建筑最近才超过上海中心大厦，成为世界第二高楼。这座位于马来西亚吉隆坡的118层建筑高2227英尺(678.7米)。该设施的建设已经完成，预计将于2022年底开业。除了办公、零售、住宅和酒店空间外，默迪卡118号还将拥有东南亚最大的观景台，名为“118的风景”。这是马来西亚第一座获得三白金国际可持续发展认证的塔。

1. Burj Khalifa 哈利法塔

 

In 2010, Burj Khalifa became the official tallest building in the world, when the mega-structure opened its doors in downtown Dubai. Twelve years later, it's still holding on to its title. Dubbed a "vertical city," the structure is 2,716 feet, 6 inches (828 meters) in height. This makes it more than twice as tall as the famed Empire State Building. Not surprisingly, its height also earned it a few additional records, including highest restaurant from ground level, tallest elevator in a building and most floors in a building.

Within its considerable confines, which number more than 160 floors, are many different enterprises, including a hotel, office space, restaurants, health and fitness facilities, residences and a mosque. Visiting its observation deck is a popular tourist attraction. Burj Khalifa reportedly cost a whopping $1.5 billion to build.

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